With heavy rainfall expected in the coming days, concerns about flooding and related health risks are on the rise. Floods are among the most common and destructive natural disasters.
According to the National Weather Service, floods cause an average of 98 fatalities annually in the U.S. Moreover, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that flood-related injuries often include fractures, lacerations and infections caused by contact with contaminated water.
“With the significant amount of rain predicted, it’s important to be aware of the potential for flooding,” says Tanner Dunn, D.N.P., a family nurse practitioner at Mayo Clinic Health System in Holmen, Wisconsin. “Avoid floodwaters at all costs. Driving through flooded roads can be extremely dangerous because you can’t see the hazards underneath the water.”
Floodwaters are not just a physical danger but also a health hazard.
“Floodwaters can be contaminated with harmful bacteria and chemicals,” Dunn explains. “Avoid playing or wading in these waters, especially keeping children away, as they may look inviting but can pose serious risks.”
Here are some practical safety tips from Dunn to stay safe during flood conditions:
Avoid flooded areas. Do not attempt to walk or drive through floodwaters. It’s difficult to judge the depth, and there could be hidden dangers beneath the surface.
Stay informed. Keep updated with local weather forecasts and flood warnings. Heed the advice of local authorities and evacuate if instructed.
Prevent water contamination. Ensure that your drinking water is safe. “Contaminated water can introduce bacteria and viruses into your system, potentially causing serious infections,” says Dunn. If you’re unsure about water safety, boil it before use or use bottled water.
Protect your home. If you live in a flood-prone area, take precautions to protect your property. Use sandbags to divert water and move valuable items to higher ground.
Stay dry and warm: If you do get wet, change into dry clothes as soon as possible. “Dry off thoroughly and take a warm shower to help stabilize your body temperature,” advises Dunn. “This can help prevent coldlike symptoms and other illnesses.”
Watch for symptoms. If you come into contact with contaminated water and start feeling unwell, seek medical attention promptly. “Symptoms of waterborne illnesses can include diarrhea, vomiting and fever. It’s important to get evaluated at a local urgent care clinic if you experience these symptoms,” warns Dunn.
One concern people take for granted is their feet, especially if they are standing in water for long periods of time.
“If you’re wearing wet socks or wet shoes for a good amount of time, you could be at risk for group blisters,” shares Jenna Mullins M.D., family physician at Mayo Clinic Health System in La Crosse. “Even a healthy person can get to get a blister that can potentially become infected. Patients who have diabetes or another depressed immune system are even more susceptible and at a higher risk for getting a disease in floodwaters.”
Heavy rain also can affect infrastructure, causing power outages and road closures. Dunn recommends preparing an emergency kit with essentials like water, nonperishable food, flashlights, batteries and a first-aid kit.
“Flood safety is about being proactive and prepared,” Dr. Mullins emphasizes. “If you do start to feel ill or notice some redness, irritation or warmth around a scrape, you might want it to be seen by a physician. By taking precautions, you can protect yourself and your loved ones from the dangers of flooding.”
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